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The MV ''Willapa'' was a car ferry that served on the San Francisco Bay and later on Puget Sound. She was one Steel Electric-class ferries built in 1927 for service across the San Francisco Bay. Originally named MV ''Fresno'', she was operated by the Southern Pacific Railroad and provided ferry service across the bay.〔 ''Fresno'' served on the San Francisco Bay for ten years, when the completion of the San Francisco Bay Bridge in 1936 and the Golden Gate Bridge in 1937 made the ferries no longer necessary. In 1940, all six Steel Electric ferries were purchased by Puget Sound Navigation Company (PSN) and they were brought up the coast to Puget Sound two at a time, allowing PSN to modernize their ferry fleet.〔 These ferries were all renamed—the ''Fresno'' was renamed ''Willapa''—and two of them were significantly modified to be single-ended ferries for use on the Seattle-Bremerton ferry route. These two ferries were the ''Willapa'' and ''Enetai'', which had already been serving on the Bremerton ferry route while two other Steel Electrics were being readied for service. The pilothouse and propeller on one end of the ''Willapa'' was removed and the rudder on that end was welded straight. The diesel-electric propulsion was removed and it was replaced with a 2800-horsepower Busch-Sulzer direct-drive diesel, which increased her speed to 15 knots. The passenger cabin was also enlarged, increasing her passenger capacity from 800 to 1500 passengers.〔 These modifications made both the ''Willapa'' and ''Enetai'' better suited for the hour-long Seattle-Bremerton route, which was seeing an increase in traffic with more people commuting to and from the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard in Bremerton, where more warships were being built in preparation for World War II. The modifications that the ''Willapa'' and ''Enetai'' received made them no longer true Steel Electric-class ferries.〔 The ''Willapa'' continued service between Seattle and Bremerton from 1940 until 1967, when she was retired. Her running mates on that route included the ''Chippewa'', her sister ''Enetai'' and the ''Kalakala''. For a short period during late-WWII, the steamers SS ''Malahat'' and SS ''City of Sacramento'' also served on the route.〔 In 1951, all of PSN's routes and almost all their vessels, including the ''Willapa'', were purchased by Washington State to form Washington State Ferries (WSF). In 1953, all six Steel Electrics had their car deck windows replaced with round portholes. By the mid-1960s, WSF began building four Super-class ferries to replace the ''Willapa'', ''Enetai'', and ''Kalakala''. These vessels were all single-ended and by the 1960s were no longer considered faster than double-ended vessels and their engines were expensive to run and maintain. Once the first Super-class ferry ''Hyak'' arrived, the ''Willapa'' and ''Kalakala'' were retired. The ''Hyak'' was much faster and larger than the older ferries.〔 The ''Willapa'' was sold to a group of San Francisco investors who moved her back to the Bay area and changed her name back to ''Fresno''. However, the vessel was neglected and eventually sank at her berth in 30 feet of water. She was partially submerged for six month until a salvage company raised the vessel and patched her hull with concrete. Her hull was still in poor shape and constant pumping was required to keep the vessel afloat. By October 2006, after unsuccessful attempts to sell her on Ebay earlier that year, her owner was planning to sell the vessel for scrap. In November 2009, the vessel was scrapped by Enterprise Marine Company Inc., resulting in the ''Santa Rosa'' (aka ''Enetai'') being the only remaining Steel Electric-class ferry.〔 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「MV Willapa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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